Mobile Communications
The mobile phone is a short-range, portable electronic device used for mobile voice or data communication over a network of specialised base stations known as cell sites. It is popularly called a mobile, wireless, cellular phone, cell phone, or hand phone.
The first commercial mobile phone service was launched in Japan by NTT in 1979, and by November 2007, the total number of mobile phone subscriptions in the world had reached 3.3 billion, or half of the human population, which also makes the mobile phone the most widely spread technology and the most common gadget in the world.
Mobile phones are more than three times as popular as PCs. The worldwide number of personal computers is currently estimated to be only around 900 million.
Most current mobile phones connect to a cellular network of base stations, which in turn interconnect to the public switched telephone network (PSTN). More expensive satellite phones, though, connect directly to a global satellite communications network.
The first mobile phone to enable Internet connectivity and wireless email use, was the Nokia Communicator released in 1996 and created a new category of expensive phones called “smartphones”. In 1999 the first mobile Internet service was launched by NTT DoCoMo in Japan under the i-Mode service. By 2007 over 798 million people around the world accessed the internet or equivalent mobile internet services such as WAP and i-Mode at least occasionally using a mobile phone rather than a personal computer.
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